What is classified as a biological toxin?

Ricin is classified as a biological toxin because it is derived from the castor bean plant and is known for its potent toxic effects on human cells. Biological toxins are typically natural substances produced by living organisms that can cause harm or disrupt biological processes. Ricin inhibits protein synthesis within cells, leading to cell death and serious health consequences if ingested, inhaled, or injected, thus fitting into the category of biological agents that pose significant risks.

In contrast, chlorine is a chemical agent used in various industrial applications and as a disinfectant, mustard gas is a chemical warfare agent, and CS gas is a common tear gas used for crowd control. These substances do not fit the definition of biological toxins since they are synthetically produced or utilize chemical rather than biological mechanisms to exert their effects.